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A Chronology Of Events Related To The Miracle

A CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS RELATED TO THE MIRACLE

YEAR

EVENT

1474

An Indian named Quauhtlatoatzin   was born in Cuautitlan.

1476

Juan de Zumarraga was born in   Spain.

1492

Christopher Columbus landed on an   island in the Americas and named it San Salvador.

1514

The first Marian Shrine in the New   World was established in the city of Higuey, first to be built on American   soil.

1519

Hernan Cortez landed in Mexico.

      1521

The capital city of the Aztecs   falls under Cortez.

      1524

The first 12 Franciscans arrive in   Mexico City.

1525

The Indian Quauhtlatoatzin is   baptized by a Franciscan priest. He received the Christian name of Juan   Diego.

1528

Friar Juan de Zumarraga arrives in   the New World.

1529

Juan Diego’s wife, Maria, became   sick and died.

1531

Year of the apparitions to Juan   Diego

1533

The first sanctuary was erected.

1541

Franciscan priest and early   historian of New Spain “Motolinia” writes that some nine million Aztecs had   become Christians.

1548

Death of Juan Diego.

1555

In the Provincial Counsel, the   second archbishop of Mexico, Alonso de Montúfar, formulated canons that   indirectly approved the apparitions.

1556

Archbishop Montúfar began the   erection of the second church.

1560

A document known as the Valeriano   Relation is written by an Indian named Antonio Valeriano. Also known as the   Nican Mopohua. (Between 1540 and 1580).

1564

An image was carried on the first   formal expedition to the Philippine Islands.

1567

The new church ordered by   Archbishop Montufar is completed.

1570

Archbishop Montufar sent to King   Philip II of Spain an oil painted copy of the image of Guadalupe.

1571

Admiral Doria carried a copy of   the image aboard ship during the battle of Lepanto and imputed to the Virgin   of Guadalupe the victory over the Ottoman Empire forces.

1573

The “Primitive Relation” was   written by the historian Juan de Tovar, who transcribed the story from a   still earlier source, probably Juan Gonzalez, Bishop’s Zumarraga’s   translator. (DiscovAdered in the Mexican national Library Archives)

1647

The image is covered with glass   for the first time.

1648

The priest Miguel Sanchez   published in Mexico City, in Spanish, a work entitled “Image of the Virgin   Mary, Guadalupan Mother of God”.

1649

Luis Lasso de la Vega published   the “Huey Tlanahuicoltica”, telling the story in Nahuatl. It refers to   earlier Nahuatl sources.

1666

A formal inquiry and investigation   was conducted by the Church from February 18 to march 22 in order to give   authority to the tradition.

1695

The first stone of the new   sanctuary was laid. The sanctuary was solemnly dedicated in 1709.

1723

Another formal investigation   ordered by Archbishop Lanziego y Eguilaz.

1737

The Most Holy Mary of Guadalupe   was chosen as the patroness of the city of Mexico.

1746

The patronage of Our Lady of   Guadalupe was accepted for all of New Spain, which then embraced the regions   from northern California to El Salvador.

1746

The knight Boturini Benaducci   promoted the solemn and official coronation of the image.

1754

Benedict XIV approved the   patronage of New Spain and granted a Mass and Office proper to the   celebration of the feast on December 12.

1756

Famous painter Miguel Cabrera   publishes his extensive study of the Image in the book “American Marvel”.

1757

The Virgin of Guadalupe was   declared patroness of the citizens of Ciudad Ponce in Puerto Rico.

1767 The religious of the Society of   Jesus are expelled from the Spanish dominions, and the image is carried to   various parts of the world.
1895 Took place the coronation of the   image, with pontifical authority and the attendance of a great part of the   episcopate of the Americas.
1908

Pope Saint Pius X prayer to Our   Lady of Guadalupe, where he entrusts Our Lady of Guadalupe with the   protection of the Sovereign Pontiff and asks her intercession for the holy   Church and the keeping of our faith,is enriched with an indulgence of five   hundred days on his audience held on August 18.

1908

Pope Saint Pius X granted   indulgences which may be gained in any part of the world for prayer before a   copy of the image of Our Lady of Guadalupe.

1910

Pope Saint Pius X declared the   Virgin of Guadalupe Patroness of Latin America.

1911

A church was built on the site of   Juan Bernardino’s home.

1921

A bomb placed beneath the image   exploded, causing great damage, but nothing happened to the tilma.

1924

A very important 16th century   source documenting the miracle is found in Peru by anthropologist M. Saville.   It is a pictorial calendar known as the Codex Saville and shows the image of   our Lady located in the position representing the year 1531.

1928

A coronation of the image was made   in Santa Fe, Argentina.

1929

First documented note of an   apparent reflected image of a man’s head in the right eye of the Virgin, by   photographer Alfonso Marcue.

1935

Pious XI extended the patronage of   the Virgin of Guadalupe to the Philippines.

      1945

Pious XII stated that the Virgin   of Guadalupe was the “Queen of Mexico and Empress of the Americas” and that   she had been painted “by brushes that were not of this world”.

1946

Pope Pius XII declared her to be   the Patroness of the Americas.

1951

Examination of the image by Carlos   Salinas. Apparent reflection of a man’s head in the right eye of the Virgin   observed.

1956

Dr. Torroela-Bueno, an   ophthalmologist, examined the eyes of the Virgin on the tilma.

1958

Dr. Rafael Torija-Lavoignet   published his study of the Purkinje-Sanson effect as exhibited in the   Guadalupan image.

1961

Pope John XXIII prayed to her as   Mother of the Americas. He addressed her as Mother and Teacher of the Faith   to the peoples of the Americas.

1962

Dr. Charles Wahlig, O.D. announces   the discovery of two images apparently reflected in the eyes of the Virgin   when studying a photograph enlarged twenty five times.

1966

Pope Paul VI sent a Golden Rose to   the Basilica.

1975

Glass was removed so the image   could be examined by another ophthalmologist, Dr. Enrique Grave.

1976

Dedication of the new Basilica of   Our Lady of Guadalupe, located four miles from central Mexico City.

1979

Dr. Philip Callahan takes 40   frames of infra-red photographs of the image. Later concluded that the   original image is unexplainable as a human work.

1979

Pope John Paul II called her the   “Star of Evangelization”, knelt before her image, invoked her motherly   assistance and called upon her as Mother of the Americas.

1979

Dr. Jose Aste-Tonsmann announces   the finding of at least four human figures apparently reflected in both eyes   of the Virgin. Dr. Tosmann used sophisticated image processing techniques   with digitized photographs of both eyes.

1988

The liturgical celebration of Our   Lady of Guadalupe on December 12 was raised to the status of a feast in all   dioceses in the United States.

1990

Juan Diego was declared Blessed by   Pope John Paul II at the Vatican.

1990

Pope John Paul II returns to the   Basilica in Mexico City. Performed the beatification ceremony of Juan Diego.

1992

Pope John Paul II dedicated a   chapel in honor of Our Lady of Guadalupe in St. Peter’s Basilica.

1999

Pope John Paul II, during his   third visit to the sanctuary, declared the date of December the 12th as a   Liturgical Holy Day for the whole continent.

     2002

Juan Diego was canonized in a   ceremony presided by His Holiness John Paul II in the Basilica of Our Lady of   Guadalupe, on July 31, 2002. It was John Paul II 5th pastoral visit to   Mexico.

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